Srinagar, Sep 29 (NationPress) As autumn progresses and the hues of Kashmir transform, the nomadic goatherds known as the ‘Bakarwals’ embark on their extensive trek from the alpine meadows to the plains of the Jammu region.

Accompanied by their flocks of sheep, goats, and horses, along with essential household items, this migration from Kashmir to their residences in Rajouri, Poonch, and Reasi districts narrates a tale of resilience and the fortitude of these robust individuals.

The men guide the flock, navigating through bustling roads and precarious mountain trails, while the women carry their little ones on their backs, securely wrapped in cloth.

Horses bear the burden of tents, blankets, cooking gear, clothing, and vital medications, particularly if there are elderly family members to care for.

From late April until the onset of autumn, the Bakarwals reside outdoors in the highland pastures of the Valley. To safeguard their flock from predators such as bears, leopards, and jackals, the Bakarwal family is always accompanied by a special breed of dogs known as ‘Bakarwali Dogs’, who are loyal companions to the nomadic family day and night in the mountains.

These dogs not only ward off predators but also keep a watchful eye on the flock to ensure no sheep or goat strays from the main group while grazing.

The staple diet of Bakarwal families consists of maize and wheat ‘Rotis’ generously topped with ghee and milk. They prefer using minimal spices, typically preparing their meals with just a hint of ghee, salt, and some spices.

In contrast to the Kashmiris, the Bakarwals do not consume rice. Despite their high intake of ghee and rich milk, it's rare to find an obese individual among the Bakarwal families.

The Bakarwals cover a distance of at least 300 km from their winter abodes in Poonch, Rajouri, and other districts of the Jammu region to the Valley in spring, and retrace the same path back to their winter homes in autumn, all on foot.

Common modern ailments like high blood pressure and diabetes are seldom seen among the Bakarwals. Even childbirth is typically managed by elder women of the family, making visits to maternity hospitals quite rare among these nomadic groups.

To provide basic education to their children, the government has set up mobile schools that accompany the families, ensuring children receive a fundamental education until they secure admissions in middle and secondary schools.

All older children from the family are enrolled in schools located in their original residences in Poonch, Rajouri, and other districts of the Jammu division.

Following the recognition of their Scheduled Tribe status by the Central government, Bakarwal youth are now entering professional colleges for fields such as medicine and engineering, while some ambitious individuals aim for civil services in the union territory and All-India Civil Services.

Despite the allure of permanent settlement and improved prospects, the Bakarwals have fiercely preserved their nomadic lifestyle and unique culture by adhering to their migration traditions.

Living simple and healthy lives, these nomadic individuals manage to negotiate fair prices when selling surplus sheep and goats to traders.

The revenue generated from these annual sales is utilized to procure fodder and medications for their flock. The departure of the Bakarwals with their flocks and families from the Valley is a clear indication that winter is approaching in Kashmir.