Richard Bennett, the UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Afghanistan, on 1 May 2025 called on Taliban authorities to "immediately and unconditionally" release all detained journalists and ensure that media workers can carry out their duties without fear of reprisal, harassment, or arrest. The appeal was issued ahead of World Press Freedom Day, observed annually on 3 May.

Alarming Erosion Since Taliban's Return

Since the Taliban's return to power in 2021, Bennett warned of an alarming erosion of press freedom across Afghanistan. "Independent reporting is now severely constrained, with journalists and media workers operating in an increasingly restrictive and hostile environment in which they are subjected to a wide range of controls imposed by the de facto authorities," he stated. These controls reportedly include censorship, intrusive surveillance, and so-called legal restrictions stemming from the law on the promotion of virtue and prevention of vice.

Bennett stressed that a climate of fear has led to widespread self-censorship — extending beyond journalists to their sources. Afghans who speak to the media have reportedly faced threats, surveillance, and even detention, further undermining the free flow of information.

Journalists Detained, Women Reporters Worst Affected

Citing data from the Afghanistan Journalists Centre (AFJC), Bennett noted that at least 34 journalists were detained in 2025 alone. He added that the situation for women journalists has become especially challenging, as they face discriminatory barriers including restrictions on freedom of movement and mandatory dress codes. Bennett also expressed concern over the unequal treatment of women journalists compared to their male counterparts.

"Even routine reporting can carry serious risks. These are heightened when publications are deemed critical of the Taliban or cover sensitive issues, particularly on the rights of women and girls. Threats and intimidation have become commonplace, with accusations of collaborating with foreign-based outlets attracting particular ire," he added.

Declining International Support Compounds the Crisis

The UN expert further highlighted that Afghanistan's independent media is being severely affected by declining international financial and technical support. "While independent reporting is most needed, these cuts are severely constraining journalists' ability to operate safely, access information, and sustain consistent, on-the-ground reporting, including on human rights violations and abuses," Bennett said.

This comes amid a broader global trend of reduced donor funding for independent journalism in conflict-affected states, making Afghanistan's media landscape particularly vulnerable at a time when accountability reporting is most critical.

Call for International Solidarity

Marking World Press Freedom Day, Bennett called on the international community to stand in solidarity with Afghan journalists. He stressed that increased funding and technical support for independent media organisations, combined with robust protection mechanisms for journalists at risk, are essential. "A free and independent press is not only a cornerstone of human rights; it is indispensable for Afghanistan's future," he concluded.