Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Friday, 26 June extended greetings on the occasion of Muharram, saying that the sacrifice of Hazrat Imam Hussain (AS) continues to inspire people across the world to remain steadfast in the pursuit of truth and justice. Modi shared the message on social media platform X, underscoring the enduring moral legacy of one of Islam's most solemn observances.

What PM Modi Said

In his post, Modi wrote: 'The sacrifice of Hazrat Imam Hussain (AS) continues to inspire many people to remain steadfast in the pursuit of truth and justice. It is also a reminder of the enduring power of courage and conviction.' The message was widely noted for its emphasis on universal values of courage and resistance against injustice.

Significance of Muharram

Muharram is the first month of the Islamic (Hijri) calendar and is considered one of the holiest periods in Islam. The word itself means 'forbidden', marking it as one of four sacred months in which warfare is traditionally prohibited. The month also marks the beginning of the Islamic New Year, with the calendar determined by the sighting of the new moon across 12 lunar months.

The most significant day within Muharram is Ashura, observed on the 10th of the month. It commemorates the martyrdom of Imam Hussain (AS) — grandson of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) — and his companions at the Battle of Karbala. The event has come to symbolise sacrifice, steadfastness, and resistance against oppression, and is remembered through religious gatherings, mourning processions, and prayer meetings across India and the world.

How Shia and Sunni Muslims Observe Muharram

While both Shia and Sunni Muslims observe Muharram, their traditions differ. For Shia Muslims, the first 10 days are marked by mourning — many wear black, attend majlis (prayer gatherings), refrain from celebratory activities such as weddings and music, and participate in mourning processions on Ashura. In some communities, chest-beating is practised as an expression of grief and remembrance.

Sunni Muslims, on the other hand, often observe voluntary fasting on the 9th and 10th or the 10th and 11th of Muharram. Fasting on Ashura is regarded as a virtuous act, with significant spiritual reward believed to be associated with the practice.

Historical and Religious Context

Muharram holds layered significance in Islamic history — beyond the Battle of Karbala, several other events of importance to the faith are associated with this month. Muslims are broadly encouraged to engage in increased worship, prayer, and reflection during this period. The first day of Muharram, while not marked by prescribed rituals, is used by many as an occasion to reflect on the life and teachings of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and the early Muslim community. Modi's acknowledgement of the occasion reflects a broader tradition of Indian political leaders marking significant religious events across faiths.