Research Reveals Elevated Brain Cancer Risk in Firefighters
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Synopsis
A recent study indicates that firefighters have a heightened risk of developing gliomas, a common malignant brain tumor, due to exposure to specific chemical compounds. This research highlights the need for further investigation into occupational hazards and public health strategies.
Key Takeaways
- Firefighters face increased risk of gliomas.
- Haloalkanes linked to brain cancer mutations.
- Study involved 35 participants, 17 firefighters.
- Mutation patterns differ between firefighters and non-firefighters.
- Further research needed for comprehensive understanding.
New Delhi, March 10 (NationPress) Firefighters exposed to certain chemical substances are at a higher risk of developing gliomas, the most prevalent form of malignant brain tumor, compared to workers in other professions, according to a study released on Monday.
This research, published in the peer-reviewed journal CANCER, indicates that firefighters with gliomas exhibit a higher likelihood of haloalkane-related mutations than their counterparts suffering from this type of brain cancer.
The mutations contribute to a unique mutational pattern or “signature,” which prior studies have linked to exposure to haloalkanes—substances found in flame retardants, fire extinguishers, refrigerants, and various other materials.
“Given that firefighters encounter these chemical agents, we analyzed mutational signatures in glioma tumors from individuals who have worked as firefighters versus those who have not,” explained Elizabeth B. Claus, Professor at the Yale University School of Public Health.
The investigation involved 35 participants, of whom 17 had a professional background in firefighting. The findings revealed that firefighters were more prone to exhibiting the haloalkane-associated mutational signature, particularly among those with extensive firefighting careers.
In contrast, among non-firefighters, the signature was more prevalent in those whose jobs potentially exposed them to haloalkanes, such as in industries like car painting and machinery maintenance.
“Our findings offer initial insights, but further validation in a larger cohort and across diverse occupational settings is essential,” noted Dr. Claus.
“Recognizing exposure to these mutagenic agents is crucial for developing public health intervention strategies and identifying potentially avoidable workplace hazards,” she emphasized.
Gliomas represent the most common malignant primary brain tumor, associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. This type of tumor arises in the glial cells surrounding neurons, impacting motor and neurological functions.
It also affects cognitive abilities and can alter the personality of those affected. Individuals of all ages—including children, teenagers, and young adults—are susceptible to gliomas.
Notably, gliomas account for approximately 20 percent of all brain and central nervous system (CNS) tumors and are classified as rare cancers, affecting fewer than 6 out of every 100,000 individuals annually.
