How Does India Sustain Its Position as the Leading Milk Producer?
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Synopsis
India's dairy industry is a powerhouse, contributing significantly to the global market and local economy. With impressive growth rates and a strong emphasis on women's participation, this sector is not just about milk; it's a driver for rural empowerment and economic stability.
Key Takeaways
- India leads the world in milk production, contributing nearly 25% of global supply.
- The dairy sector employs over 80 million farmers, significantly impacting the national economy.
- Women play a critical role, comprising 70% of the workforce in dairy farming.
- Milk production has increased by 63.56% from 2014-2024, showcasing impressive growth.
- Per capita milk availability has improved drastically, exceeding the global average.
New Delhi, Sep 29 (NationPress) India maintains its lead as the world's largest milk producer, contributing nearly 25% of global supply. This sector plays a vital role in the national economy, contributing 5% and directly engaging over 80 million farmers, as reported by officials on Monday.
The dairy industry impacts over 80 million rural households, predominantly comprising small and marginal farmers. Women are crucial in both production and collection, making dairy a significant catalyst for inclusive growth, according to the data.
In the last decade, the dairy sector in India has experienced remarkable advancement.
Milk output increased by 63.56% from 146.30 million tonnes in 2014–15 to 239.30 million tonnes in 2023-24.
This achievement translates to a commendable average annual growth rate of 5.7% over the past ten years. Reports from the Food and Agriculture Organisation confirm India as the foremost milk producer globally, outpacing nations like the United States, Pakistan, China, and Brazil.
Per capita milk availability in India has improved significantly over the last decade, rising by 48% to over 471 grams per person daily in 2023–24, well above the world average of approximately 322 grams per person daily.
The total bovine population in India stands at 303.76 million—including cattle, buffalo, mithun, and yak—forming the backbone of both dairy production and agricultural draught power.
Moreover, sheep and goats, with populations of 74.26 million and 148.88 million respectively, are crucial, particularly in arid and semi-arid areas.
From 2014 to 2022, India achieved a 27.39% increase in bovine productivity (Kg/year), the highest globally, outperforming China, Germany, and Denmark, and significantly above the global average of 13.97%.
The cooperative dairy sector in India is extensive and well-structured. By 2025, it encompasses 22 milk federations, 241 district cooperative unions, 28 marketing dairies, and 25 Milk Producer Organisations (MPOs), collectively reaching about 235,000 villages and involving 17.2 million dairy farmers.
A notable aspect of India’s dairy sector is the pivotal role of women.
Women constitute nearly 70% of the dairy workforce, with about 35% participating in dairy cooperatives. Nationwide, over 48,000 women-led dairy cooperative societies are active at the village level, fostering inclusive growth and empowerment within rural communities.
Point of View
It is evident that India's dairy sector is not merely an economic entity but a fundamental part of rural life. The growth and involvement of women in this sector highlight the potential for inclusive development. It is crucial that we continue to support and invest in this vital industry for the prosperity of our rural communities.
NationPress
29/09/2025
Frequently Asked Questions
What percentage of global milk production does India contribute?
India contributes nearly 25% to global milk production.
How many farmers are employed in the dairy sector in India?
Over 80 million farmers are directly employed in India's dairy sector.
What has been the growth rate of milk production in India over the past decade?
Milk production has increased by 63.56% in the last decade.
What role do women play in India's dairy sector?
Women make up nearly 70% of the workforce in dairy farming and about 35% are active in cooperatives.
How has per capita milk availability changed in India?
Per capita milk availability has risen by 48%, reaching over 471 grams per person daily in 2023-24.
