India's Make in India initiative, launched on 25 September 2014, marked its 12th anniversary on Wednesday with the government releasing a factsheet showing sweeping manufacturing gains across electronics, defence, automobiles, pharmaceuticals, and heavy engineering. Electronics production surged nearly sevenfold — from ₹1.9 lakh crore in 2014-15 to ₹13.11 lakh crore in 2025-26 — while indigenous defence output reached a record ₹1.78 lakh crore in the same year, according to an official statement.

Electronics and Mobile Manufacturing

Within the broader electronics surge, mobile-phone production recorded the steepest climb — rising approximately 33-fold, from ₹18,000 crore to ₹6.27 lakh crore over the same period. That growth has propelled India to become the world's second-largest mobile phone manufacturer by volume, a position it did not hold when the initiative was launched. The programme currently spans 27 sectors — 15 in manufacturing and 12 in services.

Defence and Heavy Engineering Gains

Indigenous defence production climbed from ₹46,429 crore in 2014-15 to a record ₹1.78 lakh crore in FY 2025-26, according to the factsheet, reflecting a sustained push to reduce import dependence and develop a domestic defence industrial base. Meanwhile, production across heavy engineering equipment and capital goods sub-sectors nearly doubled, rising from ₹2,87,233 crore in 2019-20 to ₹5,69,900 crore in 2024-25.

Automobiles, Steel and Railways

Vehicle production reached 31.03 million units in 2024-25, 33 per cent higher than in 2014-15, with multiple vehicle segments recording sharply higher output compared with 2020-21. Crude steel production more than doubled, rising from 81.7 million tonnes in 2014-15 to 170.0 million tonnes in 2025-26. Indian Railways manufactured 54,809 coaches over 2014-24, with average annual coach production rising from fewer than 3,300 during 2004-14 to 5,481 during 2014-24. In 2025-26, the railways produced 1,674 locomotives.

Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices

India's pharmaceutical industry now ranks third globally by volume and 11th by value, with annual turnover reaching ₹4,71,898 crore in 2024-25, reflecting a 9.5 per cent CAGR since 2020-21. Domestic medical device manufacturing grew 48.2 per cent, from ₹28,000 crore in 2019-20 to ₹41,500 crore in 2024-25.

Macro Manufacturing Indicators

Manufacturing Gross Value Added (GVA) at constant prices recorded a compound annual growth rate of 10.88 per cent between 2022-23 and 2025-26 under the revised national accounts series. The manufacturing component of the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) rose 7.0 per cent during April–July 2026 compared with the corresponding period of 2025, according to the factsheet. Taken together, the data point to a manufacturing sector that has structurally expanded over the past decade, though critics and independent economists have previously noted that manufacturing's overall share of GDP has been slower to shift than headline output figures suggest. Whether the sector can sustain this trajectory as global trade headwinds intensify will be the defining question for the initiative's next decade.