The National Democratic Alliance (NDA) has entrenched itself as a pan-India political force, governing states that together account for more than three-fourths of India's population and territorial landscape, according to a resolution adopted at an NDA meeting in New Delhi on Wednesday, 10 June 2025, marking 12 years of the Prime Minister Narendra Modi-led Union government.

SC and ST Representation

The resolution highlights a striking measure of the alliance's social reach: the NDA is in power in seven out of the 10 states with the highest Scheduled Caste (SC) population, and in eight out of the 10 states with the highest Scheduled Tribe (ST) population. According to the document, this reflects the alliance's penetration into historically underrepresented and marginalised regions, where electoral support has translated into sustained governance presence.

Geographic and Electoral Expansion Since 2014

The resolution notes that since 2014, the NDA has formed governments for the first time in several states, including Haryana, Tripura, Assam, and West Bengal. In states such as Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, and Maharashtra, the alliance has secured what it describes as historic mandates through coalition partnerships, reinforcing its identity as a multi-party arrangement rather than a single-party formation.

In Gujarat, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) — the NDA's principal constituent — has maintained an uninterrupted winning streak since 1995. In Uttar Pradesh, it became the first party in more than four decades to return to power consecutively, marking a significant shift in the state's electoral dynamics. The alliance has also consolidated its hold across the Northeast, now governing most states in the region, including those with diverse tribal and Christian populations.

Third Consecutive National Mandate

The NDA's return to power at the national level for a third consecutive term in 2024 is described in the resolution as a historic milestone — the first such achievement in more than 60 years of Indian political history. The alliance frames this as evidence of a shift from traditional anti-incumbency patterns to what it calls 'pro-incumbency' — a phase where governance performance and electoral trust have enabled repeated mandates.

Coalition Architecture and the 'India First' Principle

At its core, the NDA's expansion is presented as the outcome of coalition-building under an 'India First' principle, balancing regional aspirations with national priorities. By aggregating diverse regional parties, the alliance positions itself as a platform that integrates local leadership with a broader national development agenda. Analysts, according to the resolution, assess the NDA's reach not merely in electoral numbers but in its sustained governance presence across large parts of the country.

How the NDA translates this expanded governance footprint into measurable development outcomes — particularly in SC- and ST-majority regions — will determine whether the coalition's political breadth converts into lasting social equity.